Person Page - 10509

     Lady Augusta Fitz-Clarence was born illegitimately on 17 November 1803.² She was the daughter of William IV Hanover, King of the United Kingdom and Dorothea Bland.¹ She married, firstly, Hon. John Kennedy-Erskine, son of Sir Archibald Kennedy, 1st Marquess of Ailsa and Margaret Erskine, on 5 July 1827.¹ She married, secondly, Admiral Lord John Frederick Halyburton, son of George Gordon, 9th Marquess of Huntly and Catherine Cope, on 24 August 1854.¹ She died on 8 December 1865 at age 62.³
     From 5 July 1827, her married name became Kennedy-Erskine. On 24 May 1831 she was granted the rank of a marquess' daughter.³ From 24 August 1854, her married name became Gordon.

     Reverend Lord Augustus Fitz-Clarence was born illegitimately on 1 March 1805.¹ He was the son of William IV Hanover, King of the United Kingdom and Dorothea Bland.¹ He married Sarah Elizabeth Catharine Gordon, daughter of Major Lord Henry Gordon and Louisa Payne, on 2 January 1845.¹ He died on 14 June 1854 at age 49.¹
     On 24 May 1831 he was granted the rank of a marquess' younger son.¹ He was the Rector at Maple Durham, Oxfordshire, England.²

     Amelia Fitz-Clarence was born illegitimately on 21 March 1807.² She was the daughter of William IV Hanover, King of the United Kingdom and Dorothea Bland.¹ She married Lucius Bentinck Cary, 10th Viscount Falkland, son of Captain Charles John Cary, 9th Viscount Falkland and Christiana Anton, on 27 December 1830.¹ She died on 2 July 1858 at age 51 at London, England.¹
     As a result of her marriage, Amelia Fitz-Clarence was styled as Viscountess Falkland on 27 December 1830. From 27 December 1830, her married name became Cary.

     Mary Wyndham was born illegitimately before 1801.² She was the daughter of George O'Brien Wyndham, 3rd Earl of Egremont and Elizabeth Ilive.¹ She married George Augustus Frederick Fitz-Clarence, 1st Earl of Munster, son of William IV Hanover, King of the United Kingdom and Dorothea Bland, on 18 October 1819.² She died on 3 December 1842 at Portland Place, Marylebone, London, England.²
     From 18 October 1819, her married name became Fitz-Clarence.² As a result of her marriage, Mary Wyndham was styled as Countess of Munster on 4 June 1831.

     child1 Hanover was born on 5 September 1819 at Dunkirk, France.¹ He was the son of William IV Hanover, King of the United Kingdom and Adelheid Luise Therese Karoline Amelie Prinzessin von Sachsen-Meiningen. He died on 5 September 1819 at Dunkirk, France, stillborn.¹

     child2 Hanover was born on 23 April 1822 at Bushy Park, Middlesex, England.¹ He was the son of William IV Hanover, King of the United Kingdom and Adelheid Luise Therese Karoline Amelie Prinzessin von Sachsen-Meiningen. He died on 23 April 1822 at Bushy Park, Middlesex, England, stillborn.¹

     John Carteret, 2nd Earl Granville was born on 22 April 1690.⁴ He was the son of George Carteret, 1st Baron Carteret of Hawnes and Grace Granville, Countess Granville.³ He married, firstly, Frances Worsley, daughter of Sir Robert Worsley, 4th Bt. and Hon. Frances Thynne.⁵ He married, secondly, Sophia Fermor, daughter of Thomas Fermor, 1st Earl Pomfret. He died on 2 January 1763 at age 72.⁴
     John Carteret, 2nd Earl Granville succeeded to the title of 2nd Baron Carteret of Hawnes, co. Bedford [E., 1681] on 22 September 1695.⁴ He succeeded to the title of 3rd Baronet Carteret, of Metesches, in Jersey [E., 1645] on 22 September 1695.⁴ He succeeded to the title of 2nd Earl Granville [G.B., 1715] on 18 October 1744.^6,4 He succeeded to the title of 2nd Viscount Carteret [G.B., 1715] on 18 October 1744.⁴ He has an extensive biographical entry in the Dictionary of National Biography.⁷
     

     Charles Spencer, 3rd Earl of Sunderland was born circa 1674.¹ He was the son of Robert Spencer, 2nd Earl of Sunderland and Lady Anne Digby. He married, firstly, Lady Arabella Cavendish, daughter of Henry Cavendish, 2nd Duke of Newcastle-upon-Tyne and Frances Pierrepont, on 12 January 1694/95.² He married, secondly, Lady Anne Churchill, daughter of Sir John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough and Sarah Jenyns, on 2 January 1699/0.^3,4 He married, thirdly, Judith Tichborne, daughter of Benjamin Tichborne and Elizabeth Gibbs, on 16 December 1717 [5 Dec 1717 O.S.].² He died on 19 April 1722 at Sunderland House, Piccadilly, London, England, from pleurisy.² He was buried on 1 May 1722 at Brington, Northamptonshire, England.² His will was probated in 1723.²
     Charles Spencer, 3rd Earl of Sunderland was styled as Lord Spencer between 1688 and 1702.¹ He held the office of Member of Parliament (M.P.) (Whig) for Tiverton from 1695 to 1702.¹ He was invested as a Fellow, Royal Society (F.R.S.) on 30 November 1698.¹ He succeeded to the title of 3rd Earl of Sunderland [E., 1643] on 28 September 1702.¹ He succeeded to the title of 5th Baron Spencer of Wormleighton [E., 1603] on 28 September 1702. He graduated from Cambridge University, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire, England, on 16 April 1705 with a Doctor of Laws (LL.D.).¹ He held the office of Envoy Extraordinary to Vienna between June 1705 and November 1705.¹ He held the office of an English Commissioner for the Union with Scotland in 1706.¹ He was invested as a Privy Counsellor (P.C.) on 3 December 1706.¹ He held the office of Secretary of State for the South from 10 December 1706 to June 1710.¹ He held the office of Recorder of Coventry from 1710 to 1722.¹ He held the office of Lord-Lieutenant of Ireland on 21 September 1714, although he never went there.¹ He held the office of Joint Vice-Treasurer [Ireland] between 1 March 1715 and 16 July 1716.¹ He held the office of Lord Privy Seal between 31 August 1715 and December 1716.¹ He held the office of Vice-Treasurer [Ireland] between 16 July 1716 and 6 May 1717. He held the office of Secretary of State for the North between 12 April 1717 and March 1718.¹ He held the office of Lord President of the Council between 16 March 1718 and February 1719.¹ He held the office of First Lord of the Treasury between 21 March 1718 and April 1721, Prime Minister. He resigned in disgrace after the South Seas bubble, in which he was supposed to be involved.¹ He held the office of First Gentleman of the Bedchamber between 1719 and 1722. He held the office of a Lord Justice, Regent of the Realm from 1719 to 1720.¹ He held the office of Groom of the Stole from 1719 to 1722.² He was invested as a Knight, Order of the Garter (K.G.) on 21 November 1719.²
     Cockayne writes, " 'a youth of extraordinary hopes, very learned for his age, and ingenious,' says Evelyn; but says Macaulay, 'the precocious maurity of the young man's intellectual and moral character had excited hopes which were not destined to be realized.¹' " Cockayne also writes, "Macky gives him a high character when 'turned 30.' but Swift emphatically put 'no' to the 'virtue' with which he is there credited. He was, says Macaulay, 'a Whig, unhappily for the Whig party, which, before the unhonoured and unlamented close of his life, was more than once brought to the verge of ruin by his violent temper and crooked politics.' According to William, 1st Marquess of Lansdowne, he 'was the most intriguing man that ever existed after his father—whether he was as corrupt or quite as bad a man ... I cannot tell ... [he] was the most passionate man of his time.' His character is sketched not unfavourably by Earl Stanhope."² Cockayne goes on to quote other views, including "G.M. Trevelyan describes him as 'a true Mœcenas ... In contrast to his unprincipled father, Sunderland was a sincere and straightforward Whig. But he was intemperate and unwise, and not personally popular. Queen Anne dislike him.' It is said that she offered him a life pension of £3,000 p.a. to get rid of him, and he replied that if he could serve his country he would not plunder it. Winston Churchill says that 'he had none of the insinuating charm and genial courtesy of his incomprehensible father. He was an ultra-Whig of the straightest and most unbending type ... He was so conscious of the rights of his order and of Parliament against the Crown that he had little sympathy left for the commonality.²' " "He was from his youth a great collector of books. The 'Sunderland' library formed by him at Sunderland House, and long kept at Blenheim, after it had been pledged to his father-in-law for £10,000, realised nearly £60,000 when broken up, 1882-83."⁵

     Lt.-Gen. Charles Spencer, 3rd Duke of Marlborough was born on 22 November 1706.² He was the son of Charles Spencer, 3rd Earl of Sunderland and Lady Anne Churchill.¹ He married Hon. Elizabeth Trevor, daughter of Thomas Trevor, 2nd Baron Trevor of Bromham and Elizabeth Burrell, on 23 May 1732.³ He died on 20 October 1758 at age 51 a fever.^3,4 He was buried on 21 November 1758 at Chapel, Blenheim Palace, Woodstock, Oxfordshire, England.³ His will (dated 7 May 1758) was probated on 22 November 1758.⁵
     Lt.-Gen. Charles Spencer, 3rd Duke of Marlborough was educated circa 1722 at Eton College, Eton, Berkshire, England.² He succeeded to the title of 7th Baron Spencer of Wormleighton [E., 1603] on 15 September 1729.³ He succeeded to the title of 5th Earl of Sunderland [E., 1643] on 15 September 1729.⁶ He held the office of High Steward of St. Albans in 1731. He succeeded to the title of 3rd Marquess of Blandford [E., 1702] on 24 October 1733. He succeeded to the title of 3rd Duke of Marlborough [E., 1702] on 24 October 1733.⁶ He succeeded to the title of 3rd Earl of Marlborough, co. Wilts [E., 1689] on 24 October 1733. He succeeded to the title of 3rd Baron Churchill of Sandridge, co. Hertford [E., 1685] on 24 October 1733. He gained the rank of Colonel in 1738 in the service of the 38th Foot.³ He held the office of Lord-Lieutenant of Buckinghamshire between 1738 and 1758. He held the office of Lord of the Bedchamber (Whig) from 1738 to 1743.³ He held the office of Lord-Lieutenant of Oxfordshire from 1738 to 1758.³ He was invested as a Knight, Order of the Garter (K.G.) on 20 March 1740/41. He gained the rank of Brigadier-General in 1743.³ He fought in the Battle of Dettingen on 27 June 1743 at Dettingen, Germany, where he distinguished himself.³ He was invested as a Fellow, Royal Society (F.R.S.) on 12 January 1743/44.³ He gained the rank of Major General in 1745.³ He was awarded the honorary degree of Doctor of Civil Laws (D.C.L.) by Oxford University, Oxford, Oxfordshire, England, on 4 June 1746.³ He held the office of Lord Steward of the Household from 1749 to 1755.³ He was invested as a Privy Counsellor (P.C.) on 12 June 1749.³ He held the office of Master General of the Ordnance from 1755 to 1758.³ He held the office of Lord Privy Seal from January 1755 to December 1755.³ He gained the rank of Lieutenant-General in 1758.³ He fought in the expedition against Cherbourg and St. Malo from May 1758 to August 1758, as Commander in Chief.³
     According to Walpole, he "had virtues and sense enough to deserve esteem, but always lost it by forfeiting repsect. He was honest and generous, capable of giving the most judicious advice and of following the worst."³ The 1st Marquess of Lansdowne states he was "an easy, good-natured, gallant man, who took a strange fancy for serving, to get rids of the [ITA:]ennui attending a private life, without any military experience or the common habits of a man of business, or indeed capacity for either, and no force of character whatever."³ Gibbs goes on to state that "if the above accounts be at all fair, it seems almost incredible that any Ministry should have deliberately entrusted the lives and fortunes of their countrymen to such a man supported by a second in command as Lord George Sackville!"³

     Edith Elizabeth Fermor-Hesketh was the daughter of Sir Thomas George Fermor-Hesketh, 5th Bt. and Lady Anna Maria Isabella Fermor.¹ She married Lawrence Rawstorne on 10 August 1871.¹ She died on 27 December 1931.¹
     From 10 August 1871, her married name became Rawstorne.¹